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The Sixth Sunday after Pentecost

June 22, 2008

Genesis 21:8-21

Romans 6:1-11

Matthew 10:24-39

 

The story of Sarah and Abraham’s banishment of  Hagar and Ishmael is one of the most difficult and enigmatic texts in the book of Genesis – a book well known for its difficult and enigmatic texts.  It is difficult because it suggests that every culture and every race on earth has, at some time or another, despised, hated or excluded those who are not like them. To be honest, Religion has often been used to heighten such tensions in every continent on earth.  


The Bible contains lists of the people whom the Hebrews regarded as the ‘outsiders’ or their enemies; such as Edom, Moab, the Hagrites; Gebal and Amman and Amalek, the Philistines and Assyrians.  The story of Hagar and Ishmael is an attempt to explain where one of the greatest of these enemies came from.  Ishmael gave his name to the Ishmaelites; a tribe of marauders that roamed the desert to the South of Israel.  They spoke almost the same language as the Hebrews – they ate the same food, they dressed the same way, they had the same traditions, but the citizens of Israel regarded them as lazy, dirty, dangerous and violent outlaws.


Abraham and Sarah are a rich and powerful couple. But they have no son. So (according to custom), Sarah suggests that her favorite slave, Hagar the Egyptian, become the mother of Abraham’s son. They name the child Ishmael. Soon afterwards, Sarah has a son of her own and calls him Isaac.  He becomes the hero of the story, and the inheritor of the promises made to Abraham.  But what are we now to do with Ishmael? Sarah knows exactly how to deal with the situation. She banishes both Hagar and Ishmael to the southern desert, with nothing but a drink of water and a morsel of bread.

Not surprisingly, their bread and water soon run out. Ishmael starts to die of dehydration. Hagar places the child under a bush.  She can’t bear to see him die, and so she walks away and begins to weep.  But God hears the cries of the infant.  An angel appears, and tells Hagar not to be afraid.  He tells her that a great nation will come from her child.  A well miraculously appears, and the child is saved.

We are not told what Sarah thought about this turn of events.  Ishmael does not disappear from the Bible completely.  He was present at Abraham’s funeral (but not at Sarah’s).  But this story shows us that God cares deeply about the outsider whom the mainstream tradition finds embarrassing and therefore dispensable.  “Can a woman forget her child? Even these may forget, yet I will not forget you.  Behold, I have graven you on the palm of my hand.” (Is. 49:15)  The Bible insists that God doesn’t forget about the ones who get pushed to the margins.  Two thousand years later, Jesus acts in the same way.  He has compassion for the very people who were being marginalized by the traditions and laws of the “Chosen People”.  He touches a leper, he sits at table with tax collectors, he talks with the woman by the well, he allows a prostitute to pour oil on his feet; he heals on the Sabbath and he welcomes the children into his arms.

The Bible shows us that God’s love knows no bounds.  People have tried to exclude others on the basis of race. We tried to exclude others on the basis of their gender or their marital status. Until recently, women and divorced people were not allowed to be ordained and to serve as ministers. In all of these instances, proponents of exclusion quoted scripture to support their positions. But the words of the Bible itself make such exclusion impossible. Today there are those who want to practice exclusion not based on race gender or marital status, but on the basis of sexual orientation.

I think that we need to be very cautious about who we exclude. This has nothing to do with adapting to modern culture.  It isn’t a question of “political correctness”.  We do it because the Bible shows us that God has the power to surprise us all by transcending the traditions; the customs, mores and Laws that Religion has made for itself.  God always reaches out to include the outsider. Here is the God who heard the cries of the abandoned child.

Ultimately, this story is about each one of us. God hears the cries of all those abandoned for whatever reason: you and me when nothing seems to be working; when life has lost its meaning; when we feel oppressed by our jobs or lack of them; by overwhelming responsibilities or by seeming to have no responsibilities at all; by our friends, spouses or companions who disappoint us.  But God doesn’t forget. God appears in whatever wilderness we find ourselves. God comes to bring water for our thirst and love that will help us through the worst moments of our lives. God never abandons us.
Do not be afraid, he told them. “You are of more value than many sparrows.”

           The Revd. Nigel Massey